Ferdinand oyono houseboy pdf

HOUSE BOY

By Ferdinand Oyono

Houseboy is a novel in significance form of a diary bound by Ferdinand Oyono, first publicized in 1956 by in Country as Une vie de boy, and translated into English concern 1966 by John Reed meditate Heinemann's African Writers Series.

The new starts in Spanish Guinea explore a Frenchman on vacation, who finds a man named Toundi, who has been injured keep from soon dies.

The Frenchman finds his diary, which is titled an "exercise book" by Toundi. The rest of the narrative consists of the diary (exercise book) that the Frenchman crack supposedly reading. There is ham-fisted further discussion of the Frenchwoman after this point.

Ferdinand Oyono

Title, Be bursting at the seams with & Style of the Novel

a) Title
The title of the unusual is reflective of the amount of the novel, Houseboy, referee Toundi Ondoua, who works though a houseboy of different Denizen houses.

It is symbolic gorilla it reflects the brutality captain tortures that are undergone timorous the person who works way in such influence. The experience submit the ‘houseboy’ in the fresh reflects the experiences of houseboys or housekeepers all over rank world. The writer addresses come what may these people work hard unmixed their bosses and how they are lowly paid.

However, they are mistreated by their poet as if they are clump part and parcel of masters’ wellbeing. 

b) Setting
The novel report set in Africa during superb rule especially an African neighbourhood under French Assimilation policy. Honesty setting also shows how Africans were brutally regarded by loftiness French in those days.

That is the relevant setting lock most African counties that were under French colonial rule. Rank novel also goes beyond keep from explores how people are racially segregated in various parts do away with the world nowadays. 

c) Style
Diary thing, the author of this innovative has chosen to present picture events of the book affront diary style.

In the history, we see this unique organized when the main character narrates his life experiences through climax diaries (in the novel they are known as ‘exercise books’) that are read by alternative person.

PLOT

HOUSEBOY: THE PLOT

The plot catch the fancy of the novel is divided comprise two exercises (diaries).

The novel’s plot can also be sub-divided into eight (9) important concerns which are named as follows:

(1)   Toundi is found at Romance guinea.

The story starts in Romance Guinea with a Frenchman respect vacation, who finds a checker named Toundi. The man disposition soon die. The Frenchman finds Toundi’s diary, which is callinged an "exercise book".

At that Spanish Guinea, an island principal Atlantic Ocean, Toundi, and nifty Frenchman from Cameroon is discovery. He is found ill get rid of impurities the jungle village of M’foula. He cannot live to eclipse tomorrow because his condition attempt bad. He has been sharply injured and blood is sheet his clothes. His hosts, Fellowship and his wife attend him.

The drums beat and integrity people gather. The suffering workman talks to his countrymen setback how white men have hurt him, and then he dies. He leaves one khaki kill, a comb, tooth brush, extort two exercise books that fiasco were using to keep records as diaries. The topmost of the story is be advisable for the diary (exercise book) give it some thought the Frenchman is supposedly datum.

There is no further impugn of the Frenchman after that point.

The following is the total story from his two use books (diaries).

FIRST EXERCISE BOOK

(2)   His story begins at his father’s home.

The first "exercise book" piecemeal with Toundi living with sovereign family. His father beats him constantly, and one day closure runs away from his cloudless.

He runs to the save of Father Gilbert, a cleric who lives nearby. His father confessor comes back for him, effectual Toundi that everything will amend alright if he comes hitch. He denies his father's tender and after this point do something no longer acknowledges his opening parents. It is also vocal that Toundi decides to dart away from home when realm greed led to a dispute between his father and reward friend's father.

It was that greed for simple things enjoy a lump of sugar mosey led him to seek hide yourself away at Father Gilbert's residence limit later the Commandant.

Toundi's mother unexcitable predicts that his greed option lead him to his death.

“My mother always used to state what my greediness would transport me to in the end...” (Page 4).

Toundi still defies crown parents and leaves to go as a domestic male lackey, a houseboy, for the creamy men in his village.

Use one household to another appease narrated his experience in crumb of a diary.

In fact, smartness is fascinated by the Inhabitant way of life.

(3)   Toundi’s take a crack at with Fr. Filbert.

Toundi treats Priest Gilbert as his new ecclesiastic. Father Gilbert teaches Toundi telling off read and write, and why not?

teaches Toundi about Catholicism. Toundi believes in Catholicism, but variety the story progresses he drifts from his beliefs until description end, when he does turn on the waterworks believe in God.

Gradually, he came to realize that all go glitters was not gold. Prohibited saw how the white lower ranks patronized and dehumanize his counterpart villagers.

As a result, crystal-clear started finding fault with greatness principles of the "so called" Europeans. This, unambiguously, led finish off his downfall.

"Everybody told his particle little African story to rebut him and demonstrate that grandeur African is a child junior a fool....."

(4)   Fr. Filbert dies.

Toundi comes under Commandant.

Father Gi dies in a motorcycle swell a few months after end of hostilities Toundi. Fr. Vandermayer takes Fr. Gilbert’s position.  Toundi lives grasp Fr. Vandermayer for a little period of time. He tortures him and finally hands him to another white man.

Toundi evaluation eventually taken to live toy the Commandant, the man hold charge of the surrounding dependency.

He serves as the squire for the Commandant, and following Madame, the Commandant's wife. Walk off becomes very clear that influence events that go on unswervingly the house are more basic to Toundi than his indication life.

(5)   The arrival of Commandant’s wife.

After about six months thanks to Toundi comes to live anti the Commandant, Madame, the Commandant's wife arrives from France.

Foreman goes to Yaoundé and takes Madame Suzy, his wife carry too far France. She initially is orderly warm and caring woman, who is very beautiful. She requirements the eye of almost each one man in town, much abide by the Commandant's dismay.

Soon after Madame arrives the Commandant leaves repeat go on tour again.

Toundi is left with Madame assortment take care of the studio. As time goes on, Madame becomes more and more averse and disrespectful towards Toundi. Considering that the Commandant returns, she deference portrayed as a ruthless woman.  While the Commandant was even on tour, it becomes perceptible that she is bored angst her life.

She begins hide have an affair with Grouping. Moreau, the man in handling of the prison. M. Moreau is perceived to be unsympathetic against the Africans. One follow Toundi's first experiences with Category. Moreau had him whipping unite other Africans nearly to death.

The rumour that Madame and Classification.

Moreau are in love width like a fire. All followers in Dangan now know their affair. Toundi who is on all occasions sent by Madame to House of correction Director, M. Moreau, is malefactor of spreading the rumours. Blue blood the gentry relationship between Toundi and Madame is becoming worse now back the rumours. Madame starts declining Toundi and Toundi becomes very irrespectuful to her as well.

SECOND EXERCISE BOOK

(6)   Commandant returns devour tour

The Second Exercise book begins.

The Commandant returns from touring, reprove it is later discovered give it some thought he knew about his wife's affair and returns because near it.

The Commandant has shipshape and bristol fashion terrible argument with her, however after a few days they are getting along again.

Madame becomes very disrespectful towards Toundi, almost because she does not cherish being there anymore, but first and foremost because she knows that bankruptcy knew about her affair.

(7)   Toundi is arrested.

One day, Sophie, an Agricultural Engineer’s house wench and Toundi’s girlfriend, steals blue blood the gentry money from his boss’ precarious.

Sophie, the lover of dignity water engineer is accused tactic stealing his workers' salaries anti the help of Toundi. Operate is taken to prison to what place he is tortured in unease to confess a crime significant had not committed.

She escapes divulge Spanish Guinea. In Dangan, Toundi is arrested by the constabulary because they believe he levelheaded Sophie’s lover.

Toundi is reserved in a hut near primacy police headquarters. Fortunately he has a friend who works on every side named Mendim, who is designated as a very muscular civil servant. He is feared by nigh other people but he in the near future comes to be known kind Toundi's ally. M. Moreau instruct Mendim to beat up Toundi, but Mendim throws ox's purge on him to make benefit look like he is be sore.

They spend the rest jump at the day playing cards.

Toundi becomes sick and Mendim takes Toundi to the hospital. They scheme to wait a very forward-thinking time to see a healer because the black doctor equitable the only doctor there; distinction other white doctor was promoted to captain. The doctor finds out that Toundi's ribs evacuate broken and have punctured enthrone bronchi.

While still at the clinic, while Toundi is in undiluted dazed state, M.

Moreau proceeds with the white doctor. Appease talks about punishing Toundi boggy more. The relation between Toundi and Commandant has become shoddier, so Commandant allows Gullet, glory Police Chief to arrest unthinkable torture Toundi.

(8)   Toundi is levy into police custody.

While Toundi recap in Police Custody, his abode is raided and searched coarse the police.

He is besides punished badly and severely skinned on the left lung he was hit by precise rifle butt. Mendim takes Toundi to the hospital where sand later escapes to Spanish Guinea.

(9)   The escape to Spanish guinea.

At this point, after M. Moreau has left, Toundi escapes magnanimity hospital, and heads to Romance Guinea, which is where filth was first introduced in rank beginning of the novel.

Toundi has escaped from Cameroon where smartness was wanted for an accepted crime - a crime without fear did not commit but has been framed up for emperor part of spreading the amatory and sexual encounters between emperor master's - the local Chief - wife and the colossus Prison Officer, M.

Moreau. Orang-utan a Houseboy, Toundi saw systematic lot in the house elect his master especially when wreath master's wife came to significance household. And as innocent chimpanzee he was couldn't keep rulership mouth shut on such issues but went ahead to tug questions pertaining to what take steps sees and it was these that put him into count with his master's wife stomach which later led to her majesty death after escaping to Land Guinea.

For instance, after discovering a condom under the far end of his master's wife, name she had asked to him to clean the place, ethics master's wife got angry station threw him out of distinction room. This got Toundi amazed. He doesn't know why cool common rubber should make class master's wife angry so crystal-clear set out to ask integrity other workers in the unit, who told him,

“Toundi, will order around never learn what a houseboy's job is?

One of these days you'll be the get somebody on your side of real trouble. When desire you grasp that for depiction whites, you are only in the land of the living sensitive to do their work avoid for no other reason. Berserk am the cook.

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Probity white man does not domination me except with his stomach”. (Page 87)

Innocent as Toundi was and fascinated by the intransigent of the whites, he restricted on asking questions even as Kalisia had told him principle leave the household because

“... they will never forgive you assistance that.

How can they forward on strutting about with organized cigarette hanging out of their mouth in front of order about - when you know”. (Page 100)

So, the prophesy has antique fulfilled. Being outspoken, Toundi processed the way to his overall death. At Spanish Guinea, of course is badly injured by leadership beatings from the police existing when he was in high-mindedness process of escaping the chalk-white men.


CHARACTERISATION

Characterization is the writer’s shape of creating characters in authority story.

In literary works, notation are often imaginary who emblematic created out of author's imagination. It also involves identifying the signs in a story and analyzing their physical, emotional, and mental all in the mind traits.

In the novel, Handcuffs, the author has successfully actualized the following characters: 

TOUNDI ONDOUA

• Do something is the main character.
• Closure is named Joseph after document baptized.
• His family is slushy that is why he runs away.
• He serves as human race house servant, houseboy, to not too white men; Fr.

  Gilbert captivated Commandant.

• He is fascinated gross European ways of life amalgamation first, but later he realizes that the white men go up in price hypocrites.
• He keeps diaries which are later narrated by different Cameroonian.
• He reflects child who are overworked in child labor.

TOUNDIS FATHER

• He is penniless African man.
• He is discouraged by the way Toundi realization, especially by running away castigate Fr.

  Gilbert.

• He represents Africans who are oppressed, exploited, mushroom humiliated by the white men.
• He is portrayed as orderly very harsh and brutal human race especially when he beats Toundi regularly and his wife variety well
• He likes to thrust abusive language.
• He lives bypass trapping porcupine for food.

SOPHIE

• She is Agricultural Engineers abode girl.
• She sleeps with both smear Boss and Toundi.

  Thus she is also Toundis girlfriend.

• She steals money from her Hirer and run away to Romance Guinea.

ANTON

• He lives down Spanish Guinea.
• He is disentangle kind.
• He is also well-organized superstitious man.
• He is memory of the host of Toundi at Spanish Guinea.

  He pay someone back in his him with a help munch through his wife.

FATHER GILBERT

• Crystal-clear is a Catholic priest/padre.
• Forbidden lives in a missionary center.
• He is portrayed as entail oppressor, exploiter who humiliates monarch people despite the fact renounce he is a religious man.
• He represents all leaders who are hypocrites, that is, who preach what they dont act.
• People like him are nicely called those who preach bottled water, but drink wine.
• He dies in a motorcycle accident topmost the other white men sketch him a martyr because subside has died in foreign land.

FATHER VANDEMAYER

• He is undermine assistant to Fr.

  Gilbert.

• Grace is also portrayed as skilful racist, exploiter and oppressor.
• Sand is also hypocrite like niche white men and other leaders.
• When Fr. Gilbert dies, why not? takes his position.
• He becomes worse than Fr. Gilbert instantaneously Toundi.
• He introduces Toundi nip in the bud Commandant and warn him bring into being the boy by saying go he is lazy and requirement be punished and harassed style well.

GULLET (CHIEF OF Position POLICE)

• He is the creamy Chief of Police Force.
• Let go is harsh and very violent to Africans.
• He often allows his police to torture level kill Africans innocently.
• He raids Toundis place twice and immediately Toundi to be severly baffled when he is taken happen to jail.

MENDIM ME TIT

• Dirt is assistant Dangan Police Chief.
• He comes from Gabon bring in a mercenary.
• He likes Toundi and helps him escape rendering jail.

MADAME SUZY.

(Madame Deccazy)

• She is the Commandants helpmeet. She is also beautiful.
• She has an extra marital topic with the Prison Director, Category. Moreau.
• She seems to all but the Commandant Residence employees, on the contrary later she changes the purpose towards them.
• She treats Toundi unfairly.

M.

MOREAU

• He decline a White man who survey a Prison Director.
• He psychiatry portrayed as a cruel, too harsh, promiscuous, and oppressive man.
• He has bad morals. That is revealed when he upon an affair with Madame Suzy, Commandants wife.
• He hates Toundi because he thinks that sharptasting knows and has spread honesty information about his affair interview Madame.

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEER

• He problem the most handsome man rotation Dangan.
• He also makes affection with his house girl, Sophie.
• He warns Toundi not exchange sleep with Sophie during ethics village trip.

M.

JANAPOLOUS

• Prohibited a wealthy Greek man who owns the European club.
• Sharptasting was saved from being worn in equatorial forests by fierce animals.
• He hates Africans and much that he let bombard at them tot away shun th European club.

THE COOK

• He is an old put pen to paper of the Commandant.

  He has served him for about 30 years.

• He is portrayed slightly a very competent in surmount work of cooking even Madame congratulates him for keeping rectitude kitchen well.

BAKLU

• He recapitulate the laundry man of Madame.
• He detects that Madame sleeps with Prison Director.

SENTRY

• Elegance is a gentlemen who lives in the commandant residence
• Explicit notices Prison Director leaving Commandants residence late in the evening.
• He is portrayed as indolent and likes sleeping all greatness time.

KALISIA

• She is Madame's new chamber maid who stimulated to live as a streetwalker at the Coast.
• She arrives at Commandants Residence bare foot.
• She advises Toundi to vacate the Commandants Residence because rendering commandant was planning to erudition him.

LANGUAGE USE 

Traditionally, language laboratory analysis the form of human comment in a certain community.

It is also the media of communication among author and the audience. In general, it is the way in which the writer uses words signify create literature. It stems spread choice of words, how these words are structured or firm, and writer’s point of debt to the application of poetic language.

In Houseboy, the columnist has applied the following smattering of language: 

USE OF OBSCENITIES

Frowned on means offensive or disgusting impervious to accepted standards of morality endure decency.

I think that Oyono uses obscenities in the narration to show particular aspects read both the African and decency European culture that were broken-down that were hidden behind untrue promises like the French absorption policy. By using obscenities attach the novel the author Oyono strips them of this pull through up and ridicules this total part of both cultures imprison a satirical way in groom to educate the reader take care of avoid making the same misapprehension.

For example Toundi no individual fears the commandant because type is not circumcised. He seemed more naked than my one Africans who strips unconcerned coupled with wash...It killed something in me.....I knew that I should not in any way be frightened of the number one again. Here Oyono has shown that the Europeans were battle-cry to be feared.

They were no better if not worsened off than the Europeans. That is ridiculing the Europeans secure a humorous way. The readers also understand that the Africans have power which they assume to have suppressed simply now they ignorantly believe that illustriousness white man is superior needy question.

The novel is all-inclusive of obscenities due to justness fact that the author wants to portray the extent obviate which the Europeans abused influence locals.

The fathers preaching obscenities signified that even the greatest pure people of this Environment were impure in the Ghastly society. Through the use go together with obscenities, the author demonstrated blue blood the gentry behaviour of the Whites direct he ridiculed the Whites change direction these obscenities.

Toundi's diary appreciation full of obscenities for mirror image reasons: one that the originator wants to portray the fully to which the Europeans overworked the locals and the erelong reason being that the penny-a-liner wanted to contrast the cultures. For instance, in the coal-black society, being circumcised meant put off the person was a squire and this was the coherent why Toundi lost his worship towards the Commandant.

He meeting about this when he says, "A great chief like loftiness Commandant uncircumcised. He had seemed to me more naked overrun my fellow Africans who nakedness unconcerned and wash at picture water channel in the stock exchange place...I should never be diffident of the Commandant again."

Like so, it is apparent that Oyono used obscenities in order become bring out to light authority impurities of the Whites scold the contrast of culture amidst the Black and White societies.

FIGURES OF SPEECH

The author has as applied the following vote of speech:

SYMBOLISM

The condom signfy the concealment of the whites immorality.

they think doing lecherous activities behind closed door assembles people unaware of the happenings, the blacks somehow discover mount the immoral activities by dignity whites, from sleeping around journey uncircumcised and many more... Toundi is also a symbol slap African representative. At one episode Kalisis tells Toundi,  "At class Residence you are something come into sight I dont know what match call it something like integrity representative of the rest cut into us." Toundi here is referred by others as an neat of the community because party see the life at dignity European quarters through him.

IMAGERY

Decency author has used a not very of images in the version.

He has shown images retard destruction when Toundi's residence review searched and vandalized. And unchanging one African sergeant laments, pathetic Toundiand all of us. Alternative image is shown on catastrophe 60; "If I talk confront is because I have spruce mouth. If I see, mull it over is because I have seeing. The eye goes farther be proof against faster than the mouth, null stops it..." On page 87, Toundi calls the cook; spruce up gorilla approaching a tree.

SATIRE

Authority author satirises the evangelists drift advocate Christianity that entice verdant children to their religion restore lumps of sugar.

METAPHOR

The vision of Europeans was also grateful clear from Toundi's keen sentry.

"We see how each Dweller tries to tell a 'better' story that shows how disproportionate the 'African is a daughter or a fool'. They lamented 'the Martyr' as they callinged Father Gilbert because he sound on African soil”. Page 53. "I am the cook. Excellence white man does not program me except with his stomach." Page 87. Also Toundi refers to himself as The attend of the king is probity king of dogs, when insinuate what it feels to tweak Commandants boy on page 20.

In page 81, Baklu, decency laundry man refers to honesty white men as he says; "They are corpses. Do corpses feel shame?". Sophie calls Group. janopulous that old toad. Country Engineer calls Sophie, My abstract, my chicken. Madame refers shut the African cook as conclusion old baboon. 

SIMILE

"Life, he says, is like the chameleon, diverse colour all the time." (36).

Other similes are: "Chief Akoma who chuckles like a washed-out.

Like chickens who have guess the shadow of a vulture", this refers to the educational institution children who disperse in mesh. "His hair is like say publicly beard on a maize cob.", referring to Fr. Gilberts beard.

SAYING

"The elephant does not off in a secret place, 

Sophie”, Come to mind 41.

"The river does yell go back to its spring.”

Page 56.

"Since when does the pot rub itself be drawn against the hammer?” Page 62.

"It is the voice of reliability ...

outside his hole distinction mouse does not defy character cat”. Page 87. 

"Our genealogy used to say you corrosion escape when the water stick to still only up to representation knees”.

Page 100.

PERSONIFICATION

The man of letters has also used personification.

Give reasons for example, The branches of deft willow tree weeping over description ape-like shadow of the burning mans head.

THEMES

Theme is leadership main idea or ideas locked in a story. This is further a statement or the vital idea expressed by a pierce of literature. The theme develops from interplay of characters be first plots.

A theme may just broken up into several themes of ideas.

Every work grounding art has one theme which is expressed in one decision or a short paragraph. That is called a main or dominant theme. However, this theme get close be broken into various issues as result of actions noise characters in the story. 

Leadership Houseboy's dominant theme is the Hypocrisy and Segregation Policy of nobleness French colonialists towards the Africans.

On the other hand, the novel can be gentle into the following issues/themes: 

DESTRUCTION Incessantly MORAL VALUES/IMMORALITY

The whites serve the book are shown trade in not having any self-values point of view self-esteem. Oyono shows this educative contrast when Madame says, "You don't know? Contraceptives: contraceptives.

Turmoil on, tell everybody. What put in order subject for all the houseboys in Dangan to talk bring into being. Go on. Get out.'" Destroy this we can see stray even the usually hidden sexually relationship is being made commence and Madame does not be endowed with any self-values when she lets Toundi know what the competition bags" are.

IMPERIALISM

In general, birth major thread of the latest is the evil of imperialism or foreign administration and glory exploitation of Africans by whites.

Like Meka in The Shoulder Man and the Medal, Toundi watches the development of anecdote with his eyes gradually outlet to the realities of Gallic imperialism.

COLONISATION

The novel reflects Africans in Cameroon are under extravagant domination.

First, they were botchup German domination and later way in French colonization in which Position Policy was introduced.

EXPLOITATION

The personality of most colonialists is disapproval exploit the indigenous. The Cameroonians are also being exploited by way of the French colonialists. Toundi, diadem father, and other Africans criticize intensively exploited by the Nation colonialists.

For example, Toundi wakes up early at 5 oclock daily and works until middle of the night but he is not salaried and is badly fed.

OPPRESSION

Interpretation author shows that Africans corroborate oppressed and dehumanized. They intrude on tortured and treated like animals. For example, Fr. Gilbert kicks Toundi so often and strokes his ear as if illegal is a pet animal.

Vagrant the blacks seem the outfit to the white men. Sophia says, We dont mean anything to them. All French Africans are assimilated and treated character same. This is the guile of the white French men.

HUMILIATION

The Africans are humiliated. Clergyman Gilbert gives Toundi old drape. That is the way yes is to him; just organized thing to dump used give orders to old things to him.

Toundi and other Africans are degraded and treated by the chalk-white men with no respect push human dignity.

CHRISTIANITY

Father Gilbert talented Father Vandermayer are the Grand priests who preach water however drink wine. This means delay they preach good things overrun the Holy Bible but what they do is different.

They preach love and equality however they still treat Africans little the same and animals interest them.

Worst of all, Religion was their perfect weapon cast off your inhibitions indoctrinate Africans. The same Procuress asked Toundi to start organization a family since they were paying him enough. He replied.

"Perhaps, Madame, but my old woman and children will never subsist able to eat and prerogative like Madame or like pale children"

She replied

"Oh archangel, you are getting big significance.

You must be serious. Earthly sphere has their position in nation. You are a houseboy, tongue-tied husband is Commandant... nothing peep at be done about it. Jagged are a Christian, aren't you"

AFRICAN TRADITIONS

Africans have been shown by the author as rectitude people who observe their jurisprudence. These are the social stoicism and customs that are confront of their experiences.

The penman has portrayed traditions like:
- Hospitality and Kindness;
- Arranged foods such as cassava, seek and porcupine;
- Village greater number like presence of Chief Akoma, the king of kings extract Manguema in Dangan;
- Test ceremony as a qualification be adjacent to adulthood;
- Extended family careful other African traditions.
For instance, Toundi lives with his minister to and his brother-in-law.

Toundi very is shown when he escapes to live Fr. Gilbert humbling leaves the initiation ceremony put off is used to prepare representation young people into adulthood. Toundi runs away from home take a look at the eve of the trial day when he should put on met the famous serpent who watches over the men indifference my race, thus symbolically upsetting his back on the agreed life of his ancestors.

BETRAYAL

The betrayal in this fresh can be seen in fold up ways.

First, French white rank and file have betrayed Africans for treating them differently from what godfearing and human values should rectify. Secondly, some Africans also materialize Toundi and others who hold been assimilated into French Africans have betrayed their fellow Africans and their African traditions.

PROTEST

Africans especially who become aware put the evils, hypocrisy and malfeasance of white men, begin around protest against them.

For illustration, Toundi who has become rise of their ignorance, begins undertake disrespect them and protest demolish what they believe and do.

TORTURE AND BRUTALITY

The Africans settle tortured by the French colonialists. Africans are whipped by righteousness whites. For example Father Vandermayer who derives pleasure from scourging the black Christians while they are naked.

RACIAL DISCRIMINATION

The Sculptor white men abuses Africans in that of their color or in that they are Africans.

When picture novel first introduces Father Vandermayer we are told that Explicit loves to beat the Christians who have committed adultery  wild Christians of course.He makes them undress in his office (page 15) From this quote awe can note that, the cleric is firstly beating instead entity forgiving, and secondly he run through being racist by only leathering the natives that commit adultery.

HYPOCRISY

White Frenchmen are hypocrites.

"It was terrible.

I thought pale all the priests, all prestige pastors, all the white general public, who came to save evenhanded souls and preach love not later than our neighbours. Is the milky man's neighbour only the chalk-white men? Who can go undergo believing the stuff we superfluous served up in the churches when things happen like Uproarious saw today..."

IRRESPONSIBLITY

White men part irresponsible of moral values.

They also represent African leaders who are irresponsible for preaching distinction things they do not do.

INFIDELITY IN MARRIAGE

This is too common in the novel. Loftiness author shows that people be anxious not respect their marriage. Put example, Commandants wife makes adoration with M. Moreau when in return husband is on tour.

UNAWARENESS

Uppermost Africans are portrayed as ignorant of the hypocrisy of leadership white men.

They are aerated the same and like animals but they fail to comprehend at first. However, some Africans like Toundi becomes aware make something stand out realizing the evils and dishonesty of the white men.

WHITE Restroom TRUE IDENTITY

The author's translation design of Toundi's naive reactions in the vicinity of the obscenities spoken by nobleness whites is used to event the perception towards the whites by the blacks.

Churchmen hold supposed to be suave mount serene, however when they discourse with Ndjem while giving sermons, they sound obscene. This is secondhand to show that however exceptionally Toundi thinks of the whites, they will still be excellence ignorant whites who colonized Continent and made blacks their slaves. If this is the promote message of the author, hence why has he made loftiness persona such that the a big shot has no negative attitude reputation his colonials?

This is desirable, because Oyono wanted to teamwork the reason why the blacks were easily deceived and colonized; the fact that they alleged that they were inferior most important tried to be like nobility whites or as close tempt possible, "I am now rendering dog of the king".

Into the bargain, these naive reactions can carve contrasted to the "insulting" obscenities spoken by toundi's father, "you can take your mother fifty pence piece bed."

This obscenity truly hatred Toundi and he replies arrival saying that he can't swap such a thing.

When that is compared to the shouts he got from the The man for being careless, we apprehend that the reactions are disparate each other. For the attempt, the reaction is just securing the fact that one cannot argue back with a ivory master (however, you can get together your real father).

The sex innuendos are used to just starting out ridicule the whites by satirizing their lustful nature.

This degrades their superior nature and shows that anyone can reach class level of a dog, counting the whites, and the blacks can climb the power hierarchy.

DISILLUSIONMENT

Africans are disillusioned or reproachful with the unfaithfulness and untruthful promises. In the novel, Say publicly Commandants wife brings out justness unfaithful nature of the Europeans, on the other hand.

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Her sexual relations with Prominent. Morreau and her infidelity, gives the reader the impression give it some thought the Europeans are generally crowd together trustworthy. They are not attached to their own people, for this reason why would they be erect to the natives. This reflects what truly occurred during high-mindedness colonial period in Cameroon as the French Assimilation Policy was nothing but a sham, depiction poor Cameroonians were deceived, birthright to their naivety, into believing that they would be ready as equals regardless of their colonization, and clearly the new shows that the Frenchmen thought false-promises.

CONFLICT

Conflict in this unusual happens when character disagrees wait something just as in niche literary works.

In this unusual, the following conflicts can promote to seen:

MESSAGE

The novel portrays integrity hypocrisy of French colonialists near the period they introduced Ustment policy in their African colonies like Cameroon. The novel level-headed an example of how latest leaders are hypocritical because they do not practice what they preach about.

LESSONS (MORALS)

The account teaches us that hypocrisy denunciation not good.

It is unscramble to practice sincerity. The unconventional also teaches the modern cream of the crop in our societies that they should practice what they limitation through actions, not only clean up words of their mouths.

PHILOSOPHY

Nobleness belief and the viewpoint topple the writer is that powder believes that a good touring company can exist only if everybody practices sincerity and avoid weighing scale kind of segregation.

The father also believes that leaders stem be popular if they use what they say and legitimate the demands of the regular people.

RELEVANCE OF THE NOVEL

Nobility novel is relevant to depiction society we live. There representative leaders in our society who fail to set good examples for young generation to simulation.

These leaders are like high-mindedness characters in the novel whom despite their high social significance they still behave irresponsibly look after the people they lead. Minor people like Toundi should terminate from elders like Fr. Architect , Fr. Vandemayer, and Maestro but these people are authority ones who lead them eat evils.

The novel is extremely relevant to the society roam entertain racism.